This paper provides a theoretical rationale for distinguishing four basic argument forms. Onthe basis of a survey of classical and contemporary definitions of argument, a set ofassumptions is formulated regarding the linguistic and pragmatic aspects of arguments. It isdemonstrated how these assumptions yield four different argument forms: (1) first-order predicate arguments, (2) first-order subject arguments, (3) second-order subject arguments,and (4) second-order predicate arguments. These argument forms are then further describedand illustrated by means of concrete examples, and it is explained how they are visuallyrepresented in the
Periodic Table of Arguments
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